A combination of bioengineering and medical research at the University of California, San Diego has led to a new discovery that could pave the way for more effective treatments for liver disease.
In this work, the researchers have utilized an array system that can identify the biological components that can lead to or alleviate liver disease. The technology works by controlling the range of environments surrounding star-shaped liver cells called hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). HSCs are the major cell type involved in liver fibrosis, which is the formation of scar tissue in response to liver damage. The activated stellate cell is responsible for secreting collagen that produces a fibrous scar, which can lead to cirrhosis.
Jennifer Fang learned her first programming language, Visual Basic, in the third grade. Since then she has honed her programming skills and is entering UC San Diego’s Jacobs School of Engineering this fall as a freshman computer science major, with an emphasis on bioinformatics.
“I chose to specialize in bioinformatics because I want to apply my computer science knowledge to the biomedical field,” said Fang, who came to UCSD from Thousand Oaks, Calif. “I chose UCSD because it is a nationally renowned research university and has highly ranked biological science and computer science programs.”
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced $348 million in awards nationwide to encourage investigators to explore bold ideas that have the potential to catapult fields forward and speed the translation of research into improved health. Bioengineering Assistant Professor Adam Engler is one of five researchers from the University of California, San Diego to have been awarded such a grant in 2009.
The UC San Diego awards totaled $8.5 million and the winners include one Pioneer award winner ($2.5 million over five years) and four New Innovator award winners ($1.5 million each, over five years).
Investigators at Burnham Institute for Medical Research (Burnham), University of California, San Diego, The Scripps Research Institute (TSRI), Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation (GNF) and other institutions have constructed a complete model, including three dimensional protein structures, of the central metabolic network of the bacterium Thermotoga maritima (T. maritima). This is the first time scientists have developed such a comprehensive model of a metabolic network overlaid with an atomic resolution of network proteins. The analysis of the model, among others, highlights the important role of a small number of essential protein shapes, lending new insights into the evolution of protein networks and the functions within these networks. The study was published in the journal Science on September 18.
As breakthrough discoveries in bioengineering become more crucial to fundamental global issues, including health, food production and water supplies, UC San Diego’s Jacobs School of Engineering’s top ranked bioengineering department continues to be on the cutting edge of this field. The Siebel Foundation has recognized the Jacob School’s pioneering efforts with $2 million to fund fellowships for some of its top bioengineering graduate students. The fellowships will be administered by the UCSD Institute for Engineering in Medicine (IEM), in collaboration with the Jacobs School. The IEM brings together faculty in engineering, medicine and pharmaceutical sciences who are collaborating on novel approaches to medicine.